The computer graphics is everywhere nowadays. The technology passed through great many difficulties to become the powerful tool that it is now. Both software and hardware improvements were needed for that. The fallowing article is about the history of the computer graphics since the 1961 where it all began and tells about the first steps of this “monster”.
The first step was the creation of the Sketchpad by the MIT student –Ivan Sutherland. This program allowed one to draw simple shapes on the screen with a light pen emitting an electronic pulse, to save this shapes and to recall them later.
This program was the start point of many of the today's standards of computer graphics.
The early computer graphics, unlike the present day's, were Vector graphics. This graphics, however, had a limitation in color and the inability to represent continuous tone images.
In 1961 was the second step. Another MIT student – Steve Russell – created the first video game – Spacewar. It was written for the DEC PDP-1.
In 1963, the scientist E.E. Zajac created a film called "Simulation of a two-giro gravity attitude control system". This was an animation created on an IBM 7090 mainframe computer. Around the same time another scientists were creating animations for illustrating their work.
By the mid 1960's a lot of companies were interested in this new technology. IBM released the IBM 2250 graphics terminal – the first commercially available graphics computer.
The first consumer computer graphics product was the video game Odyssey created in 1966.
Sutherland at MIT invented the first computer controlled head-mounted display in 1996, and later became a professor in Harvard.
In 1968 in the University of Utah was created a computer science program with primary interest the computer graphics. This became the world's primary research center for computer graphics.
In 1970 a student by the name of Ed Catmull created an animation of his hand opening and closing. In the same class, Fred Parkes created an animation of his wife's face.
The first major advance in the computer graphics was the creation of the hidden surface algorithm. It allowed the rendering of only the visible parts of the object and thus saving computer resources.
In the 1970s were developed complex hardware and software systems such as ANIMAC, SCANIMATE and CAESER. This was the introduction of the computer graphics to the world of television. This allowed images to be scanned and later – modified.
In 1971 Henri Gouraud presented a method for creating the appearance of a curved surface by interpolating the color across polygons. This method of shading a 3D object has been known as Gouraud shading since then. This provided a dramatic increase in the rendering quality.
One of the most important advancements to computer graphics appeared in 1971. This was the microprocessor (a.k.a. CPU). One of the first desktop microcomputers designed for personal use was the Altair 8800 – created by MITS – and retailed for around $400. Later personal computers would advance to the point where film-quality computer graphics could be created on them.
The first step was the creation of the Sketchpad by the MIT student –Ivan Sutherland. This program allowed one to draw simple shapes on the screen with a light pen emitting an electronic pulse, to save this shapes and to recall them later.
This program was the start point of many of the today's standards of computer graphics.
The early computer graphics, unlike the present day's, were Vector graphics. This graphics, however, had a limitation in color and the inability to represent continuous tone images.
In 1961 was the second step. Another MIT student – Steve Russell – created the first video game – Spacewar. It was written for the DEC PDP-1.
In 1963, the scientist E.E. Zajac created a film called "Simulation of a two-giro gravity attitude control system". This was an animation created on an IBM 7090 mainframe computer. Around the same time another scientists were creating animations for illustrating their work.
By the mid 1960's a lot of companies were interested in this new technology. IBM released the IBM 2250 graphics terminal – the first commercially available graphics computer.
The first consumer computer graphics product was the video game Odyssey created in 1966.
Sutherland at MIT invented the first computer controlled head-mounted display in 1996, and later became a professor in Harvard.
In 1968 in the University of Utah was created a computer science program with primary interest the computer graphics. This became the world's primary research center for computer graphics.
In 1970 a student by the name of Ed Catmull created an animation of his hand opening and closing. In the same class, Fred Parkes created an animation of his wife's face.
The first major advance in the computer graphics was the creation of the hidden surface algorithm. It allowed the rendering of only the visible parts of the object and thus saving computer resources.
In the 1970s were developed complex hardware and software systems such as ANIMAC, SCANIMATE and CAESER. This was the introduction of the computer graphics to the world of television. This allowed images to be scanned and later – modified.
In 1971 Henri Gouraud presented a method for creating the appearance of a curved surface by interpolating the color across polygons. This method of shading a 3D object has been known as Gouraud shading since then. This provided a dramatic increase in the rendering quality.
One of the most important advancements to computer graphics appeared in 1971. This was the microprocessor (a.k.a. CPU). One of the first desktop microcomputers designed for personal use was the Altair 8800 – created by MITS – and retailed for around $400. Later personal computers would advance to the point where film-quality computer graphics could be created on them.
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